Кодиеум (Кротон)

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Кодиеум (Кротон)
Растения рода Кодиеум (Codieum) растут в тропиках и субтропиках в виде вечнозеленых деревьев, кустарников и травянистых растений. Кодиумы относятся к семейству молочайных, их еще ошибочно принимают за растения рода Кротон.

В качестве комнатного растения выращивают только один из 17 видов растений рода Кодиеум – это Кодиеум пестрый (C. vaviegatum). Это великолепное декоративно-лиственное растение с разноцветными яркими листьями, которые имеют разнообразный рисунок и окраску листьев в переливающиеся желтые, красные и зеленые тона.

В комнате кодиеум вырастает в небольшой кустарник, который в природе может достигать двухметровой высоты. Это растение хорошо подходит для светлых теплых помещений, оранжерей и зимних садов. Кодиеум отлично смотрится в виде солитера, может послужить украшением интерьера, но также не потеряется в компании других зеленолистных растений.

Отличительную красоту кодиеуму придают его необычные листья, которые могут быть разнообразной формы: ланцетной, овальной, скрученной, гитаровидной. Обычно молодые верхние листья окрашены в однотонный зеленый цвет. Со временем на листе проявляются желтые рисунки, полосы, пятна, крапинки, чем старше лист, тем ярче его окраска.

Цветки кодиума, как у многих декоративно лиственных растений невзрачны, мелкие, собраны в поникшие соцветия.

При уходе за кодиумом будьте осторожны, так как млечный сок этого растения содержит вещество способное вызвать раздражение кожи и слизистых.

В настоящее время выведено много сортов от подвида кодиума пестролистного. Популярны  крупнолистные сорта: Excellent, Rina, Norma, Petra, Nervia, Mrs Iceton, Vulcan, Appleleaf, Holuffiana; мелколистные сорта: Gold Finger, Golden Ring, Pictum, Punctatum, Aucubifolia.

 

Кодиеум (Кротон)

Для того чтобы вырастить пышный куст кодиума с яркими листьями необходимо соблюдать все условия по его содержания и ухода.

 

Кодиум родом из тропиков, поэтому ему необходима высокая влажность воздуха. При недостатке влаги листья повисают и опускаются вниз. Поэтому кодиум следует регулярно опрыскивать и протирать листья влажной губкой.

Поливать следует только отсточнной водой комнатной температуры, летом часто и обильно, зимой после просыхания верхнего слоя земли в гошке, но ни в коем случае не допускать пересыхания всего земляного кома.

Кодиумы не переносят сквозняков и резкого перепада температур. Летом температура в помещении не должна опускаться ниже 20 0С, зимой ниже 16 0С.

Освещение для кодиума должно быть яркое, но с рассеянным солнечным светом. Лучше всего для кодиума утренние и вечерние лучи солнца, поэтому располагайте его на восточных или западных окнах.

С весны до осени раз в две недели необходимы подкормки комплексными минеральными удобрениями, которые следует вносить только после предварительного полива растения.

Пересаживают кодиум до возраста 4-х лет ежегодно, более крупные растения по мере необходимости или им меняют верхний слой земли в горшке. Для пересадки землю готовят из равных частей листового перегноя, дерновой земли, торфа и песка. На дно емкости обязательно насыпьте дренажный слой.

Не стоит выносить кодиум на лето на открытый воздух, балкон. Это прихотливое растение легко заражается различными вредителями, ему необходим определенный световой режим и не выносит ветреной погоды.

С возрастом происходит естественное отмирание и усыхание листьев, а стебель оголяется. Для того чтобы по максимуму сохранить листья верхних ярусов соблюдайте все условия по уходу. При неправильном поливе и резких перепадах температур происходит преждевременное отмирание листьев. В случае стресса опрыскайте растение с препаратом «Эпин» или «циркон».

Появление коричневых кончиков на листьях знак недостаточной влажности воздуха. Регулярно опрыскивайте растение и поставьте горшок на поддон с увлажненным керамзитом или галькой.

При засыхании краев листьев и появлении коричневых пятен следует, что в помещение слишком холодно.

Бледная окраска листьев свидетельствует о недостатке освещения, а появление бледных сухих пятен вызвано солнечным ожогом от прямых полуденных лучей солнца.

Замедленный рост кодиума и появление мелких новых листьев означает недостаток в питании. Следует пересадить растение или подкормить.

Размножают кодиеум отводками или укоренением стеблевых черенков.

Источник: floraprice.ru

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