Выращивание роз на штамбе

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Выращивание роз на штамбе
Для того чтобы вырастить подвой для штамбовой розы, нужно потратить на 1-2 года больше, чем на выращивание подвоя для кустовой. На 3-4-й год жизни сеянцев шиповника из спящих почек в основании куста образуются один или несколько сильных побегов. При хорошем уходе за лето они могут вырасти в высоту до 1,5-2 м и достигнуть в толщину 10 мм. На кусте шиповника выбирают один, самый сильный и прямой, побег, а остальные вырезают. Кусты осенью выкапывают, подрезают очень длинные и поврежденные корни, прикапывают на участке наклонно и слегка укрывают. Весной шиповник высаживают на тщательно подготовленный и удобренный участок.

В течение лета растениям обеспечивают хороший уход, а в конце июля — начале августа проводят прививку. Окулировку проводят на штамбе, отступив от вершины на 40-50 см. На низкие штамбы обычно прививают миниатюрные розы, а на высокие — плетистые и почвопокровные. Обычно прививают 2 почки с противоположных сторон штамба на расстоянии 3-4 см. Над привитыми почками оставляют 2-3 укороченных побега штамбового подвоя.

На зиму штамбовые окулянты пригибают к земле, место прививки укладывают на еловый лапник и засыпают торфом или опилками слоем до 20 см. Весной раз окучивают, но штамб поднимают не сразу, чтобы не допустить иссушения прививок от яркого солнца и ветра.

До начала набухания почек верхушки штамбового подвоя обрезают на 0,5 см выше места прививки, а рану замазывают садовым варом. Побеги, образующиеся из привитых почек, прищипывают над 3-4-м листом. Эту операцию повторяют еще несколько раз за сезон для формирования разветвленной кроны. Корневую поросль и боковые побеги на штамбе регулярно удаляют. Осенью или весной следующего года штамбовую розу можно высадить на постоянное место.

Источник: supersadovod.ru

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