Все мы знаем бальзамин Уоллера под разными названиями – «Ванька мокрый», «Огонёк», «Недотрога». Многие выращивают этот цветок как комнатное растение, так как он цветёт круглый год, даже зимой.
Бальзамин Уоллера легко размножается семенами и укоренением черенков, быстро растёт и зацветает. В последние годы любители цветоводы предпочитают выращивать бальзамин Уоллера в саду, где это растение раскрывает свою красоту на 100%.
Достоинство бальзаминов в том, что это растение пышно цветёт в полутени и даже лучше себя чувствует под покровом высоких деревьев или с северной стороны строений, чем на открытом солнечном месте. Поэтому солнцелюбивые цветы – бархатцы, петунии мы высаживаем с южных солнечных сторон, а бальзамин отлично подходит для украшения тенистых участков, где другие цветы будут цвести слабо.
Бальзамины можно использовать для выращивания в контейнерах, кашпо, вазонах, балконных ящиках, они украсят входную группу, беседку и места отдыха.
Бальзамины имеют нежные водянистые побеги, сочные зелёные листья и на этом фоне прекрасно смотрятся многочисленные яркие цветы, как огоньки. Бальзамины прекрасно сочетаются с колеусами, бегониями, эти растения имеют одинаковые требования к условиям выращивания и в уходе.
Сейчас нам магазины предлагают большой ассортимент сортов бальзамина Уоллера с различной формой и окраской цветков. Есть сорта с простыми крупными цветками, есть махровые формы, однотонные и с рисунком пятен, переливов на цветках.
Бальзамины быстро растут, образуя объёмный раскидистый кустик. Современные сорта бальзаминов можно не формировать, они не превышают высоты 20-30 см, но зато активно разрастаются вширь до диаметра 50-60 см.Для заполнения контейнера размером 50 на 80 см хватит двух растений, они создадут аккуратные цветочные подушки, полностью заполнив всю площадь цветника.
Зацветают бальзамины через 3 месяца после всходов, а так как растения совсем не переносят заморозков, то высадку рассады проводят в начале июня. Сеять бальзамины на рассаду можно в конце февраля и всю первую половину марта.
Семена у бальзамина Уоллера не мелкие, их слегка присыпают почвой и накрывают плёнкой. В мини-тепличке семена бальзамина прорастают хорошо. Сеянцы пикируют в отдельные стаканчики при появлении двух листочков. Бальзамин хорошо переносит пересадку в любом возрасте, срезанные черенки быстро дают корешки в воде или при посадке в лёгкий субстрат.
Высаживая рассаду цветов в грунт, оставляйте между растениями 20-30 см, уже через месяц бальзамины создадут плотный цветущий ковёр.
Уход за бальзаминами в саду заключается в регулярных поливах и подкормках. Бальзамины любят питательную влажную почву, поэтому при посадке цветов необходимо внести перегной или биогумус.
Бальзамины требуют регулярный обильный полив в сухую погоду, также полезно растения в жару опрыскивать. Но в тоже время бальзамины могут заболеть при застое влаги в почве и её закисании, поэтому в цветочных контейнерах обязательно должны быть дренажные отверстия и слой керамзита на дне, чтобы излишки воды после полива стекали.
Бальзамины любят подкормки любым комплексным удобрением. Особенно нуждаются в подкормках цветы, посаженные в контейнеры, вазоны и балконные ящики. Желательно удобрять цветы раз в 10-14 дней.
Бальзамины неустанно цветут до первых заморозков, не требуя омолаживающей обрезки, нужно удалять только перерастающие побеги, а также увядшие цветы. Если вы хотите сохранить цветы для выращивания в следующем году, то в конце лета срежьте черенки для размножения и посадите их в горшочки как комнатные растения. В марте — апреле с сохранённых растений можно срезать побеги на черенки, укоренить их и в итоге получить хорошую рассаду цветов.
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