Секреты пышного цветения пионов.

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Пионы – цветы долгожители, в течение 10-15 лет они каждый год в начале лета радуют нас пышным цветением.Сейчас речь пойдёт о травянистых пионах, на мой взгляд, это самые неприхотливые садовые цветы. Однако чтобы пионы ежегодно пышно цвели нужно соблюдать несколько правил.

Секреты пышного цветения пионов.

 

Секреты пышного цветения пионов:

1. Травянистые пионы – мощные растения с сильным корневищем. Пион зацветёт в полную силу только на третий год после посадки и впервые годы растению нужно дать время на развитие мощного корневища. Для того чтобы направить все силы пиона на развитие куста, нужно после посадки обрывать все бутоны и позволить пиону зацвести только на третий год, когда после зимы отрастёт пышный куст с большим количеством сильных побегов.

2. Правильная посадка – это одно из основных условий пышного цветения пиона. При посадке корневища, почки на нём должны быть заглублены примерно на 5 см. Допускается посадка пиона в лёгкой песчаной земле с заглублением до 7 см, в тяжёлой глинистой земле до 3 см. Если пион будет посажен глубже, он будет образовывать объёмный куст, но бутонов и цветков вы не увидите. Если почки на корневище окажутся на поверхности, то зимой они могут пострадать от морозов. Со временем корневище пиона может оголиться, так как почва постепенно размывается от полива и рыхления, поэтому при необходимости пионы мульчируют осенью перегноем, а весной убирают часть мульчи с основания куста.

3. Поливать пионы не нужно часто, достаточно делать полив раз в две недели, но при этом выливать по 2-3 ведра под каждый куст. Поливы пионам нужны весной и в начале лета, когда они растут и цветут. Во второй половине лета пионы поливайте, если продолжительное время сохраняется засушливая погода.

4. Удобрения. При посадке пионов землю удобряют перегноем (1 ведро под каждый куст), древесной золой (1-2 стакана в лунку). Пионы любят питательные подкормки, но эти цветы достаточно удобрить 3 раза за сезон:

— Рано весной, как только из земли появятся новые ростки, похожие на красные пики, подкормите пион азотным удобрением. Для первой подкормки пиона хорошо подходит настой коровяка, разбавленный при поливе 1 к 10. Если нет возможности использовать органическое удобрение, то можно полить пион с мочевиной 30-50 гр удобрения под каждый куст.

— Когда пион сформирует побеги, и вы увидите первые бутоны, подкормите пион комплексным минеральным удобрением с основным содержанием фосфора и калия N:P:K или можно внести под каждый куст по столовой ложке суперфосфата и сульфата калия, плюс настой коровяка.

— Третий раз пион удобряют только в августе, используя любое фосфорно-калийное удобрение или рассыпав 1-2 стакана древесной золы вокруг каждого куста. Фосфор и калий в это время нужны растению для формирования цветочных почек на будущий год и подготовке корневища к зиме.

5. Правило срезки цветов. Каждый побег на макушке формирует основной бутон и может давать несколько боковых ответвлений с дополнительными бутонами. Если вы хотите получить крупные цветы, то боковые бутоны нужно выламывать, оставляя только один главный на каждом побеге. Если вы хотите получить пышное цветение, то все бутоны можно оставить.

После раскрытия цветов для букета срезайте пионы, укорачивая стебли не более чем на половину, а лучше на треть. Стебли и листья пиона играют важную роль в развитии растения после цветения.

6. Обрезка пиона. Во второй половине лета у основания каждого стебля на корневище закладываются почки возобновления, которые дадут побеги и цветы на будущий год. Если стебли пиона срезать с цветами для букета до основания или провести сильную обрезку куста пиона сразу после цветения, то растение не сможет заложить сильные почки. Обрезку кустов травянистых пионов проводят поздней осень, когда заморозок повредить листья и стебли, а питательные вещества из верхней части куста перетекут в корневище. На зиму стебли травянистых пионов обрезают на высоте 7-10 от поверхности земли. Для защиты от морозов поздней осенью, когда снег ещё не укрыл почву, кусты пионов засыпают мульчей – перегноем или сухими листьями, а сверху накрывают лапником.

7. Пионы могут поражаться грибными заболеваниями. Мощные кусты с густой листвой плохо продуваются, поэтому создаются благоприятные условия для развития спор грибков. На листьях пионов часто можно увидеть серые или коричневые пятна, могут загнивать бутоны и преждевременно увядать цветки. При первых признаках появления болезни опрыскайте растения с любым фунгицидным средством, например, медным купоросом или бордосской жидкостью (50-70 гр на 10 литров воды), кальцинированной содой(50 гр на 10 литров воды). При запущенном развитии любого заболевания пионы слабеют, их сила цветения снижается.

 

Источник: floraprice.ru

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