Для увеличения энергии прорастания и всхожести семян, не получивших никакой стимуляции, применяют специальные приемы. Их замачивают в воде (температура + 18- 0°С). Семена капустных, тыквенных, бобовых, астровых культур оставляют в таком состоянии на 8-10 часов (воду необходимо менять каждые 3-4 часа), а луковых, сельдерейных, маревых, пасленовых — на сутки. Набухшие семена высевают в хорошо увлажнённую почву.
Чтобы избавить семена от возбудителей болезней и вредителей применяют термическое обеззараживание. Этот прием можно проводить в одну или в две фазы. Двухфазный способ заключается в следующем: семена на 4 часа замачивают в воде при температуре +28-32°С, а затем переносят в более горячую (+50°С) и выдерживают 10-12 минут.
Далее их быстро охлаждают (погружают в воду с температурой +15-18°С) и просушивают до сыпучего состояния на воздухе. При однофазном способе семена в течение 3-3,5 часа выдерживают в воде, нагретой до +45°С, после чего просушивают. При понижении температуры или сокращении срока обработки добиться полного уничтожения возбудителей болезней не удастся, а повышение температуры и увеличение срока обработки значительно снизят всхожесть семян. Поддерживать заданную температуру воды в течение нескольких часов поможет термос.
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