Перекрестноопыляющиеся и самоопыляющиеся сорта

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Перекрестноопыляющиеся и самоопыляющиеся сорта
Большинство сортов плодовых и ягодных культур является перекрестно-опыляющими. Исключение составляют только те, у которых опыление происходит в еще закрытом цветке (виноград).

Самоплодными принято считать сорта, завязывающие плоды от своей пыльцы. Таких очень немного. У вишни, например, это сорта Апухтинская, Десертная волжская, Лотовая, Любская, Смена, Шоколадница. В отдельные годы высокую самоплодность могут демонстрировать сорта Баллада, Валентина, Добрая, Молодежная.

При частичной самоплодности сорта завязывают от своей пыльны лишь до 5% плодов. Таких ортов намного больше. У вишни это, в частности, Багряная, Быстринка, Владимирская, Жуковская, Растунья, Ровесница, Сания, Тамбовчанка, Тургеневка, Черноокая, Шубинка.

Большинство сортов лучше завязывает плоды в том случае, если рядом находится другой сорт-опылитель, а в одиночку обильно цветет, но дает лишь единичные плоды. В каждом саду следует иметь пару сортов народной селекции (вишни или сливы, яблони или груши), поскольку они, как правило, — универсальные опылители для сортов своей породы.

Источник: supersadovod.ru

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