Лето 2003 года было неблагоприятным для помидоров. Из-за высокой влажности произошла эпифитотия (массовая вспышка) фитофтороза, плоды сгнили на кустах, не успев созреть. Но моя соседка по даче еще до того показывала свои посадки — удивлялась, что на некоторых кустах плоды не завязались совсем, встречались растения какой-то чересчур раскидистой формы и даже листья выглядели не совсем обычно. Почему?
Специалисты-овощеводы высказали предположение, что были высеяны семена, взятые от гибридов. Соседка подтвердила, что годом раньше покупала разные сорта и с особо полюбившихся собрала семена. Читала, дескать, что это не противопоказано, ведь помидоры являются самоопылителями (так же, как и баклажаны, горох, бобы, фасоль). Все вроде бы правильно — кроме одного.
Если это не сорта, а гибриды, то семена с них собирать нельзя, они не способны дать ожидаемый результат (На пакетиках семян гибриды помечаются значком F1.) Высеяв их, забудьте и думать о том, чтобы собирать с них семена. Порадовать овощевода могут только гибриды первого поколения. Их семян производится с каждым годом все больше и больше, можно даже предположить, что за ними будущее.
Посмотрите Госреестр селекционных достижений, допущенных к использованию, и вы увидите, что появились гибриды практически всех основных культур — томатов, капусты, перца, моркови и других. У них много привлекательных свойств, поэтому сорта вынуждены уступать им место. Выводить гибриды селекционеры начали после того, как научились практически использовать явление гетерозиса. Оно проявляется в первом поколении при скрещивании растений разных видов и сортов.
Выяснилось, что гибриды первого поколения развиваются ускоренными темпами, отличаются более высокой урожайностью, чем сорта. Они лучше переносят неблагоприятные условия, не особо поддаются болезням и плоды дают крупные, ровные, красивые. Гетерозис открыл немец И. Кельрейтер, работавший в России. Было это 200 с лишним лет назад. Он зачем-то скрещивал табак и махорку и увидел, что гибрид сильно отличается от родителей, развивается более мощно.
Этой темой занимался еще английский естествоиспытатель Чарлз Дарвин. В общем, теорию гетерозиса заложил он, и было это в середине XIX века. Селекционеры понимали, насколько важно это открытие для их работы, ведь можно увеличить на треть урожайность разных культур — только за счет семян. Первыми появились гибриды кукурузы, это было в 20-е годы XX столетия.
Упускать появившиеся возможности ученые не стали, с тех пор работы по созданию всевозможных гибридов поставлены на поток. Есть, конечно, свои неудобства. Их семена каждый раз надо создавать заново, скрещивая родительские формы. Только первое поколение гибрида может дать тот эффект, которого ждет рядовой овощевод. Его «дети» и «внуки» ведут себя совершенно непредсказуемо, а эффект гетерозиса исчезает напрочь.
Именно это, видимо, и произошло на помидорной плантации моей соседки. Семена гибридов стоят дороже, чем семена сортов, но, как понимаете, это не повод отказываться от них — отдачу вы получите в виде увеличенного урожая. А тем, кто стремится получить раннюю продукцию и использует теплицы, совет один: отдавайте предпочтение гибридам, ведь они раньше начинают плодоносить и меньше болеют. Но учтите: ухода они требуют более тщательного.
663585 223616Hello! I just wanted to ask if you ever have any trouble with hackers? My last blog (wordpress) was hacked and I ended up losing a few months of hard work due to no back up. Do you have any solutions to prevent hackers? 495485
117005 523364Its great as your other posts : D, appreciate it for putting up. 862019
519147 734834I dont normally comment but I gotta say thankyou for the post on this incredible 1 : D. 348351
957041 253394I feel this internet website has got quite amazing indited written content material articles . 765664
923649 410180Quite clear web site , regards for this post. 617265
844897 511158You must participate in a contest for among the top blogs on the internet. I will recommend this web site! 665468
Hi! I’ve been reading your site for some time now and finally got the bravery to go ahead and give you a shout out from Humble Tx! Just wanted to say keep up the great job!
486322 626440Totally composed content material material , thankyou for info . 979074
This is the right blog for anyone who wants to find out about this topic. You realize so much its almost hard to argue with you (not that I actually would want…HaHa). You definitely put a new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Great stuff, just great!
I like this post, enjoyed this one thanks for posting.
As I website possessor I believe the subject matter here is real great, thanks for your efforts.
I haven’t checked in here for some time because I thought it was getting boring, but the last several posts are great quality so I guess I’ll add you back to my daily bloglist. You deserve it my friend 🙂
Some really interesting details you have written.Aided me a lot, just what I was looking for : D.
Merely wanna remark that you have a very nice web site, I enjoy the design and style it really stands out.
Sumatra Slim Belly Tonic primarily focuses on burning and eliminating belly fat.
After examine a few of the blog posts in your web site now, and I actually like your way of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark web site list and will probably be checking again soon. Pls try my website as properly and let me know what you think.
Java Burn: What is it? Java Burn is marketed as a natural weight loss product that can increase the speed and efficiency of a person’s natural metabolism, thereby supporting their weight loss efforts
Hmm is anyone else having problems with the pictures on this blog loading? I’m trying to find out if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog. Any responses would be greatly appreciated.
After examine a number of of the blog posts on your web site now, and I actually like your method of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website record and shall be checking back soon. Pls check out my site as nicely and let me know what you think.
Thank you, I have just been looking for information approximately this topic for ages and yours is the best I have came upon so far. But, what concerning the bottom line? Are you positive about the supply?
Sight Care is a visual wellness supplement that is currently available in the market. According to the Sight Care makers, it is efficient and effective in supporting your natural vision
I’m not positive the place you are getting your info, however good topic. I must spend a while learning much more or figuring out more. Thank you for wonderful information I used to be on the lookout for this info for my mission.
Hey! I just wanted to ask if you ever have any issues with hackers? My last blog (wordpress) was hacked and I ended up losing several weeks of hard work due to no data backup. Do you have any methods to protect against hackers?
Some really excellent info , Gladiola I noticed this.
hey there and thank you for your info – I’ve certainly picked up anything new from right here. I did however expertise some technical points using this website, as I experienced to reload the web site a lot of times previous to I could get it to load correctly. I had been wondering if your web hosting is OK? Not that I’m complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will often affect your placement in google and could damage your high quality score if advertising and marketing with Adwords. Well I am adding this RSS to my email and can look out for a lot more of your respective intriguing content. Make sure you update this again soon..
Hello there, I found your site by the use of Google at the same time as searching for a comparable matter, your web site got here up, it looks good. I’ve bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.
This is a very good tips especially to those new to blogosphere, brief and accurate information… Thanks for sharing this one. A must read article.
I haven¦t checked in here for a while since I thought it was getting boring, but the last several posts are good quality so I guess I will add you back to my everyday bloglist. You deserve it my friend 🙂
I have been absent for a while, but now I remember why I used to love this blog. Thanks, I will try and check back more frequently. How frequently you update your site?
Pretty section of content. I just stumbled upon your web site and in accession capital to assert that I get in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Anyway I will be subscribing to your augment and even I achievement you access consistently fast.
I have to convey my appreciation for your kindness supporting individuals who really need help with this idea. Your real dedication to getting the message up and down appeared to be exceedingly effective and have without exception made women much like me to realize their targets. Your new useful suggestions signifies a lot to me and even more to my fellow workers. Thanks a ton; from everyone of us.
Hello. splendid job. I did not expect this. This is a great story. Thanks!
Wow, amazing weblog layout! How long have you been blogging for? you made running a blog glance easy. The whole glance of your website is excellent, let alone the content material!
It’s appropriate time to make some plans for the future and it is time to be happy. I’ve learn this post and if I could I want to counsel you few fascinating things or advice. Perhaps you could write next articles relating to this article. I want to read more issues about it!
Your style is so unique compared to many other people. Thank you for publishing when you have the opportunity,Guess I will just make this bookmarked.2
I’ve read a few excellent stuff here. Certainly value bookmarking for revisiting. I wonder how so much attempt you put to make any such excellent informative web site.
Fantastic goods from you, man. I’ve take into account your stuff previous to and you’re just extremely excellent. I really like what you’ve got here, certainly like what you are stating and the way in which in which you are saying it. You make it entertaining and you still care for to stay it sensible. I can’t wait to learn much more from you. This is actually a tremendous site.
Throughout this grand scheme of things you actually secure an A+ just for effort and hard work. Exactly where you lost everybody was in your specifics. As they say, details make or break the argument.. And that couldn’t be more correct at this point. Having said that, permit me tell you just what exactly did work. The article (parts of it) is definitely pretty engaging and that is most likely the reason why I am taking the effort in order to opine. I do not make it a regular habit of doing that. 2nd, despite the fact that I can notice a leaps in reason you come up with, I am definitely not confident of how you appear to connect your points that make your conclusion. For now I will subscribe to your position but wish in the near future you actually connect the dots better.
I like this website its a master peace ! Glad I found this on google .
I have learn a few excellent stuff here. Certainly value bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how so much effort you put to make this kind of fantastic informative site.
I am impressed with this site, real I am a big fan .
I really like your writing style, superb information, appreciate it for putting up : D.
FitSpresso: What Is It? FitSpresso is a natural weight loss aid designed for individuals dealing with stubborn weight gain. It is made using only science-backed natural ingredients.
Thanks for the sensible critique. Me and my neighbor were just preparing to do a little research about this. We got a grab a book from our area library but I think I learned more from this post. I’m very glad to see such great info being shared freely out there.
When I initially commented I clicked the -Notify me when new feedback are added- checkbox and now every time a comment is added I get four emails with the identical comment. Is there any approach you’ll be able to take away me from that service? Thanks!
I gotta favorite this website it seems handy extremely helpful
I truly treasure your piece of work, Great post.
Super-Duper site! I am loving it!! Will come back again. I am taking your feeds also.
As soon as I noticed this internet site I went on reddit to share some of the love with them.
Hi just wanted to give you a brief heads up and let you know a few of the images aren’t loading correctly. I’m not sure why but I think its a linking issue. I’ve tried it in two different browsers and both show the same results.
Wow! Thank you! I permanently needed to write on my blog something like that. Can I take a fragment of your post to my blog?
I love your blog.. very nice colors & theme. Did you create this website yourself? Plz reply back as I’m looking to create my own blog and would like to know wheere u got this from. thanks
668665 959077Its not that I want to duplicate your internet site, but I really like the style. Could you tell me which design are you employing? Or was it custom created? 186428
Its such as you learn my mind! You seem to know a lot approximately this, like you wrote the ebook in it or something. I think that you simply can do with some to power the message house a little bit, however other than that, this is magnificent blog. A great read. I’ll certainly be back.
It is appropriate time to make a few plans for the long run and it is time to be happy. I’ve read this put up and if I may just I want to suggest you few attention-grabbing issues or advice. Perhaps you could write subsequent articles regarding this article. I wish to learn more issues about it!
What’s Taking place i am new to this, I stumbled upon this I have found It absolutely useful and it has helped me out loads. I’m hoping to contribute & assist other users like its helped me. Good job.
Excellent read, I just passed this onto a colleague who was doing a little research on that. And he actually bought me lunch since I found it for him smile Therefore let me rephrase that: Thank you for lunch! «Feeling passionate about something is like getting a peak at your soul smiling back at you.» by Amanda Medinger.
Some genuinely nice and utilitarian information on this website, also I think the style contains good features.
Excellent post. I used to be checking constantly this blog and I’m impressed! Very useful info specially the closing part 🙂 I deal with such information a lot. I used to be looking for this certain information for a long time. Thanks and good luck.
You have remarked very interesting points! ps decent website .
It is in reality a great and helpful piece of info. I am happy that you just shared this helpful info with us. Please stay us up to date like this. Thank you for sharing.
A lot of of whatever you point out is supprisingly precise and it makes me wonder why I had not looked at this with this light before. This particular piece truly did switch the light on for me personally as far as this subject matter goes. However at this time there is 1 point I am not too comfy with so while I make an effort to reconcile that with the actual central theme of the issue, permit me observe what the rest of the subscribers have to say.Nicely done.
Saved as a favorite, I really like your blog!
I like this weblog so much, saved to fav.
As I web site possessor I believe the content material here is rattling magnificent , appreciate it for your efforts. You should keep it up forever! Good Luck.
It?¦s actually a nice and useful piece of information. I?¦m satisfied that you just shared this useful information with us. Please keep us informed like this. Thank you for sharing.
Wow that was odd. I just wrote an extremely long comment but after I clicked submit my comment didn’t show up. Grrrr… well I’m not writing all that over again. Anyway, just wanted to say great blog!