Выращивание кольраби

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Выращивание кольраби
Данная разновидность капусты обладает уникальными вкусовыми качествами. В ней содержится очень много разнообразных полезных для человека веществ: это растительные белки, легкоусвояемые сахара, витамины, комплексные минеральные соединения, аминокислоты. В листьях ценных компонентов больше, чем в плотном стеблеплоде.

В течение первого вегетативного сезона прямостоячий стебель кольраби постепенно увеличивается в диаметре и становится округлым, напоминая очертаниями корнеплод свеклы. По вкусу он немного похож на середину кочерыжки обыкновенной белокочанной капусты, политую лимонным соком. Именно поэтому данный овощ широко используется для приготовления салатов и других блюд из свежих овощей — пикантный привкус кольраби очень приятен в сочетании с зеленью и другими компонентами.

Для того чтобы можно было собирать урожай кольраби в течение всего сезона вегетации, необходимо провести 2 высадки подросшей рассады и 3 посева семян в открытый грунт. Обычно первую рассаду высевают в начале марта, вторую — в первой декаде апреля, чтобы высадить готовые растения в открытый субстрат не позднее середины мая. В грунт семена помещают в начале июня, в конце июня и середине июля. Чаще всего кольраби выращивают на грядках прямоугольной формы, причем скороспелые разновидности сажают в центре, а поздние, с тяжелыми большими стеблеплодами, — по краям. Если не соблюдать рекомендуемых мер, растения будут затенять друг друга и вытягиваться в высоту, стеблеплоды получатся некрупными и жесткими. Лунки для высадки рассады должны быть неглубокими, окучивание нежелательно.

Данная разновидность капусты почти не требует внесения дополнительных подкормок в грунт. Желательно во время весеннего перекапывания почвы и обработки огорода добавить в субстрат перепревший компост, а осенью внести в грядки старый навоз. В период активной вегетации можно использовать только зеленые удобрения. Для того чтобы в стеблеплодах не образовывались жесткие несъедобные волокна, рекомендуется следить за частотой полива, своевременно увлажняя субстрат во время летней засухи.

Урожайность данного вида капусты, в зависимости от сортовой принадлежности, составляет от 2 до 2,5 кг с 1 м2 посадок. Разновидности кольраби отличаются друг от друга сроками достижения спелости и окраской стеблеплода (она может варьироваться от лилово-синей до красноватой или почти белой). Самые крупные стеблеплоды имеет сорт Супершмельц.

Сбор урожая производят после того, как стеблеплоды достигнут не менее 5 см в диаметре. Слишком крупные экземпляры становятся грубыми, едкими на вкус и для употребления в пищу не используются. Капусту выкапывают вместе с корневой системой и хранят в прохладном помещении на чистом речном песке.

Источник: supersadovod.ru

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