Черенкование пеларгонии

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Пеларгония красиво цветёт дома в горшке и на клумбе как однолетний цветок. Чтобы омолодить пеларгонию или получить много посадочного материала для украшения цветника её размножают черенкованием.

Из черенков пеларгония развивается быстрее и за 2-3 месяца образует пышный кустик, который постоянно выпускает новые соцветия. При выращивании из семян пеларгония зацветает только через 5-6 месяцев.

К черенкованию пеларгонии обычно приступают в начале весны, так как с удлинением светового дня и потеплением процесс укоренения и рост растений проходит быстрее. Укореняются черенки пеларгонии не быстро, особенно сортовые королевские и плющевидные герани размножаются тяжело, только при соблюдении всех правил, иначе срезанные черенки могут загнить и погибнуть, не начав расти.

Черенкование пеларгонии

 

Как срезать черенки пеларгонии для укоренения:

1. Срезать черенки для укоренения нужно с верхушек побегов, при этом выбирать те веточки, которые цвели или  начали выбрасывать соцветия, это значит, что они созрели.

2. Лучше выбирать на черенки толстые побеги, они лучше приживаются и потом быстрее вырастают в пышные кустики. Иногда выбирать не приходится, так как весной у маточного куста за зиму отрастают только тонкие ослабленные побеги. Даже такие веточки укореняются при создании всех необходимых условий, но им потребуется больше времени для развития и зацветут они чуть позже, чем растения от сильных черенков.

3. Черенок пеларгонии нужно срезать длиной 10-15 см, иметь на верхней части 2-4 листа, на нижней половине от среза все листья удаляют. Если на черенке есть соцветия с бутонами или цветками их тоже удаляют. Слишком длинные черенки с большим количеством листьев приживаются хуже, так как растения не получают питание пока нет корней.

4. Срезать черенки нужно острой бритвой или ножом, чтобы срез не был сдавлен и травмирован. Ножницы или секатор для срезки черенков использовать не рекомендуется. Срез делается под листом или под междоузлием.

5. Перед посадкой на укоренение срез черенка нужно подсушить в течение пары часов или припудрить толчёным активированным углём, также можно окунуть его в древесную золу, чтобы ранка не загнивала.

Черенкование пеларгонии

 

Как укоренять черенки пеларгонии:

— Укоренение черенков пеларгонии в воде не всегда даёт 100% результат, так как корешки у среза начинают появляться через 10-14 дней и за это время у многих черенков начинает гнить срез, при этом он темнеет. К тому же при укоренении в воде корешки образуются тонкие слабые, после пересадки в землю черенки должны заново укорениться в земле.

— Укоренение черенков в земле проходит легче, при правильной подготовке вы получите 100% результат. Второй плюс в том, что при укоренении в земле черенки разу начинают выпускать листья, так как получают питание из земли для роста.

— Чтобы черенки пеларгонии хорошо укоренились нужно приготовить лёгкий рыхлый субстрат. Смешайте 1 часть садовой земли, 1 часть торфа и 1 часть песка или перлита. Обязательно добавьте в землю древесную золу – 1 столовую ложку на 1 литр земли.

— Приготовленную землю рассыпьте по небольшим стаканчикам, для одного черенка достаточно земли объёмом 100-150 мл. В дне стаканчиков должны быть дренажные отверстия и первым слоем насыпан перлит, чтобы стекали излишки воды после полива. Застой воды и переувлажнение черенки не выносят и загнивают.

— Во влажную землю воткните подготовленные черенки, напомню, что нижний срез черенков должен быть присыпан измельчённым активированным углём или древесной золой. Заглублять нижний срез в почву нужно на 1,5-2 см.

— Далее для укоренения стаканчики с черенками помещают в прозрачные полиэтиленовые пакеты и завязывают сверху, но не плотно, чтобы воздух проходит. Каждый день нужно раскрывать пакеты для проветривания и при необходимости проводить полив, земля в стаканчиках всегда должна быть влажной.

Черенкование пеларгонии

 

— Стаканчики с черенками в пакетах должны находиться в тёплом месте на свету. Нельзя ставить стаканчики с черенками на холодное основание, если подоконник холодный, то нужно застелить его теплоизолирующим материалом.

— Укоренение черенков пеларгонии длится 1-2 недели, как только в точках роста появятся новые листочки, значит, укоренение прошло успешно и пакеты сверху можно убирать.

— По мере роста черенков их пересаживают методом перевалки в горшочки побольше. В начале лета пеларгонию из черенков можно высаживать в открытый грунт для украшения цветников и балконных ящиков.

Источник: floraprice.ru

155 КОММЕНТАРИИ

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