Садовые деревья и кустарники

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Осенью природа засыпает, зелень пропадает, цветы засыхают. Чтобы ваш сад в преддверии зимы не смотрелся уныло, посадите несколько кустарников особенно декоративных осенью, у которых листва окрашивается в яркие огненные цвета или созревают красивые плоды, а некоторые растения способны цвести до самых морозов. Декоративные кустарники с названиями и фото можно разделить на три группы: цветущие, с красивой листвой и декоративными плодами.

Есть растения, у которых с похолоданием листья меняют свою окраску на желтый, оранжевый, красный или бардовый цвет. Кустарник с ярко окрашенной листвой осенью сделает ваш сад нарядным и праздничным даже в ненастную погоду.  

Осенью созревают плоды и ягоды. Садовые кустарники, украшенные яркими ягодами, остаются красивыми всю зиму, когда на ветках не осталось ни одного листочка.

Большинство растений цветут весной или летом, для украшения сада используют долго цветущие кустарники, которые могут цвести с лета до поздней осени.

Декоративные кустарники с названиями и фото:

Садовые деревья и кустарники
аралия

Аралия – кустарник со сложными перистыми листьями, осенью они неравномерно окрашиваются в огненные цвета красного и желтого оттенка. Сложный лист аралии в длину может достигать 1 метра, осенью отмирая, он разделяется на части. Цветет куст аралии в августе, на верхушке выпуская метельчатые соцветия с мелкими белыми цветками, к осени созревают блестящие несъедобные черные ягодки. Аралия с размашистыми перистыми листьями хорошо смотрится в одиночку на поляне, у строений или рядом с высокими деревьями.

В садах чаще выращивают аралию маньчжурскую или чертово дерево. Этот кустарник быстро растет на затененных участках, на любой почве, не любит только засуху. Весной поздние заморозки могут повредить молодые перистые листья.

Садовые деревья и кустарники
арония

Арония или черноплодная рябина дает осенью урожай вкусных черных ягод собранные в аккуратные гроздья, а листья этого кустарника окрашиваются в багровый, алый и оранжевый цвет. Арония – компактный кустарник, его не обязательно обрезать или формировать. В саду черноплодку можно использовать, преследуя две цели – украсить сад осенью и получить урожай вкусных и полезных ягод, из которых делают вино, наливку или компот.

Арония будет хорошо плодоносить на солнечном месте с любой почвой, может переносить посадку на сырой заболоченный участок или сухой с песчаной почвой, так как это растение достаточно устойчиво к засухе.

Садовые деревья и кустарники
барбарис тунбергера

Барбарис – многочисленный род. Декоративными барбарисы делает яркая окраска листьев и красивые ягоды. Чаще всего предпочтение садоводы отдают виду – барбарису тунбергера, у него есть множество сортов с разной окраской листьев : пурпурной, темно бардовой, светло зеленой, желтой, пестро окрашенные с каемкой. Куст барбариса выбирается также по форме роста, есть растения в высоту до 1,5 метра с раскидистыми ветвями и карликовые растения, не превышающие в высоту 50 см, они выглядят как подушки. Особенно эффектно барбарисы смотрятся в группе из нескольких сортов с разной окраской листвы.

Садовые деревья и кустарники

 

Барбарисы будут хорошо расти в рыхлой дренированной почве, они засухоустойчивы и не выносят постоянно влажных мест. Барбарисы с багровыми листьями или окаймленными, лучше размещать на солнечных местах, где их окраска будет ярче. Барбарисы с желтой листвой предпочитают полутень.

Кусты барбарисов ежегодно формируют обрезкой, иначе они превратятся в непроходимые заросли. Декоративные кустарники используют для украшения альпийских горок, рокариев, создания зеленых изгородей, фона для цветников. Ягоды барбариса съедобны, но имеют кислый вкус, их используют для приготовления компотов или в качестве приправы к мясным блюдам.

Садовые деревья и кустарники
бересклет

Один из самых красивых кустарников осенью – бересклет. У него продолговатые листья и плоские как лепешки цветки, собранные в рыхлые кисти. Осенью листья бересклета приобретают багровый окрас, а плоды выглядят очень оригинально – из раскрытой розовой коробочки выглядывают красные или оранжевые семена. Выбирайте листопадные зимостойкие виды бересклета для выращивания в средней полосе России.

Бересклет бородавчатый представляет собой кустарник высотой до 2 м. На его ветвях можно увидеть темные наросты, как бородавки. Цветет кустарник в конце весны, но чтобы завязались плоды необходимо перекрестное опыление, для этого посадите на участке как минимум два куста бересклета. Этот кустарник предпочитает полутень, так как в естественных условиях обитает в лесах и хорошо смотрится среди крупных деревьев.

Садовые деревья и кустарники
дерен белый

Дерен белый осенью облачается в наряд из ярких листьев всех оттенков оранжевого до бордового цвета. Куст дерна крупный, раскидистый, высотой до 3-х метров. Цветет дерен продолжительно с середины лета до осени, в последние месяцы белые соцветия соседствуют с гроздями ягод. Есть пестролистные сорта дерна, декоративные весь сезон. Дерен просто выращивается и практически не требует ухода. Рекомендуется ежегодно формировать куст обрезкой.

Садовые деревья и кустарники
калина

Калина широко распространенный народный кустарник. Калина обыкновенная или красная формирует округлый пышный куст, покрытый лопастными листьями. Цветет калина в конце весны, в соцветиях щитках раскрываются белые цветки, а к осени созревают алые глянцевые ягоды, в это же время листья меняют свой цвет на оттенки красного и желтого. Гроздья красных ягод долго висят зимой среди голых ветвей. Калина декоративна весь год, этот кустарник прекрасно смотрится в саду одиночно или группой, в соседстве с деревьями или другими кустарниками.

Садовые деревья и кустарники
лапчатка

Лапчатка относится к цветущим кустарникам, причем её цветение длится с середины лета по октябрь. Лучшие виды – это лапчатка даурская и лапчатка кустарниковая. Эти кустарники высотой около метра округлой формы. На их веточках листья собраны по 5-7 штук и постоянно раскрывается множество правильных цветков белого или желтого цвета. Кустарник лапчатки будет цвести в саду до поздней осени. Это солнцелюбивое и засухоустойчивое растение прекрасно растет на бедной почве, весной формируется куст обрезкой.

Садовые деревья и кустарники

 

Пузыреплодник становится особенно красив, когда вызревают его плоды в алой оболочке, собранные в щитки. Причем осенью пузыреплодник зацветает повторно и рядом с красными гроздями распускаются белые соцветия. Эффектны сорта пузыреплодника с багровыми листьями. Этот кустарник может расти как на солнце, так и в полутени, не любит долгой засухи или застоя воды.

Садовые деревья и кустарники

 

Рябина – декоративный кустарник изящный во всем. У рябины красивая крона с прямыми ветвями и изогнутыми в верху ветками, которые украшают перистые листья. Рябина красива в цвету, покрытая белыми соцветиями-шапками и осенью, когда созревают грозди оранжевых или алых ягод. Красные грозди украшают куст всю зиму, пока ягодки не склюют птицы. Рябина лучше плодоносит на солнечном месте, не выносит посадки на заболоченных местах или в сухом месте с песчаной землей.

Садовые деревья и кустарники

 

Декоративный кустарник снежноягодник получил свое название за красивые плоды, как белые бусины, сплошь сидящие на веточках. Самый распространенный вид – снежноягодник белый, рост этого кустарника не более 1,5 метра, листья округлые сизые. К осени, когда наливаются белые ягодки, тонкие веточки изгибаются от их тяжести. Ветки кустарника можно сильно обрезать, набирая веточки с белыми бусинами для сухих букетов.

Источник: floraprice.ru

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