Фикус Бенджамина

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Фикус Бенджамина – сравнительно новое комнатное растение, полюбившееся садоводам из рода фикус, семейство тутовые. Родина этого фикуса Индия, Малайзия, Китай, также фикус Бенджамина является символом Бангкока. В природе фикус вырастает на высоту до 20 метров, в комнатных условиях в горшке от 50 до 2,5 метров и представляет собой большой раскидистый куст с поникающими ветвями и густой листвой. Листья ярко зеленые, овальной формы с острыми кончиками, жесткие и гладкие, особенно красиво выглядят пестролистные сорта этого фикуса.

 

Фикус Бенджамина

Уход за фикусом.

 

Фикус Бенджамина располагайте на светлом месте, но должна быть защита от интенсивного солнечного света. Если у вас сорт с пестрыми светлыми листьями, то он будет хорошо себя чувствовать около окна, а темнолистый фикус поставьте чуть дальше в полутень. Фикус не любит перемещений относительно источника света и даже небольшое смещение может вызвать листопад, поэтому постарайтесь заранее продумать постоянное его месторасположение.

Температура в помещении должна быть умеренная, не ниже 13 градусов тепла. Старайтесь ставить горшок с фикусом не напрямую на пол или подоконник, а на невысокую подставку, так как фикус не переносит сквозняков и даже малейшего охлаждения корней.

Фикус Бенджамина во всем любит умеренность, не допускайте как переувлажнения земли в горшке, так и ее высыхания. Растение любит опрыскивание теплой водой и протирание листьев влажной губкой.

Пересадку делайте только весной, обычно раз в два года, после того как корни полностью заполнят горшок. Если вы часто не пересаживаете фикус, то необходимо менять верхний слой земли в горшке, сняв его и заменить на новый, добавив в землю органическое удобрение. Оптимальная почвенная смесь составляет половину торфа и половину лиственного перегноя.

В зимнее время фикус не нуждается в подкормках , а весной когда начнут появляться новые веточки и листья подкормите его жидкими удобрениями.

Размножают фикус Бенджамина черенками. Отрезав верхнюю веточку, поместите ее в воду, а когда она даст корешки, посадите черенок в землю.

Болезни фикуса

Фикус Бенджамина хоть и не прихотлив в уходе, но при его выращивании иногда возникают сложности:

— новые листья мелкие, а старые пожелтели и опали. Значит, растению не хватает питательных веществ, неоходимо пересадить или сменить верхний слой почвы.

— появляются желтые пятна на листьях, края желтеют, листья опадают. Возможно вы переливаете фикус, нужно чтобы земля успевала просыхать.

— листья сухие и сморщились. Растение пересушили или слишком жаркий, сухой воздух, может быть солнечный ожог.

— внезапное опадение листьев, возникает при резкой смене климата, сквозняках, недостатке света.

— коричневые пятна на кончиках листьев фикуса появляются пи высокой температуре в помещении или избытке удобрений.

Также фикус Бенджамина любят основные комнатные вредители комнатных растений – это щитовка, ложнощитовка, паутинный клещ, мучнистый червец, трипс, тля, грибной комарик.

Фикус Бенджамина
Обрезка и формирование фикуса.

Если вы хотите получить правильной формы куст фикуса необходимо его формировать обрезкой (удаление ветви с несколькими листьями) и прищипкой верхних почек, придавая фикусу определенную форму. Формирование фикуса производят весной, когда начнут появляться молодые побеги и листья. Проведения обрезки не стоит совмещать с пересадкой куста, после этой процедуры, необходимо чтобы растение пережило этот стресс и через несколько недель можно пересаживать растение.  Обрезка также стимулирует фикус на большее разветвление, что придает большую пышность кусту, а для лучшего роста новых побегов необходимо проводить подкормки фикуса.

Источник: floraprice.ru

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